The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has spread exponentially worldwide. In Brazil, the number of infected people diagnosed has been increasing and, as in other countries, it has been associated with a high risk of contamination in healthcare teams. For healthcare professionals, the full use of personal protective equipment (PPE) is mandatory, such as wearing surgical or filtering facepiece class 2 (FFP2) masks, waterproof aprons, gloves, and goggles, in addition to training in care processes. A reduction in the number of face-to-face visits and non-essential elective procedures is also recommended. However, surgery should not be postponed in the case of the most essential elective indications (mostly associated with head and neck cancers). As malignant tumors of the head and neck are clinically time sensitive, neither consultations for these tumors nor their treatment should be postponed. Postponing surgical treatment can result in a change in the disease stage and alter an individual's chance of survival. In this situation, planning of all treatments must begin with the request for, in addition to routine examinations, a nasal swab polymerase chain reaction for SARS-CoV-2 and chest computed tomography. Only if the results of these tests are positive or if fever or other symptoms suggestive of COVID-19 are present should the surgical procedure be postponed until the patient completely recovers. This is mandatory not only because of the risk of contamination of the surgical team but also because of the increased risk of postoperative complications and high risk of death. During this pandemic, the most effective safety measures are social distancing for the general public and the adequate availability and use of PPE in the healthcare field. The treatment of other chronic diseases, such as cancer, should be continued, as the damming of cases of these diseases will have a deleterious effect on the public healthcare system.

INTRODUÇÃO: Preservar tecido tireóideo em cirurgias para bócio multinodular (BM) não evita a complementação hormonal e pode gerar recidiva. A reoperação aumenta em até 20 vezes o risco de complicações. Propomos no BM, a tireoidectomia total (TT) como tratamento definitivo quando existe acometimento bilateral do parênquima posterior à veia tireóidea média. OBJETIVO: Avaliar e justificar a utilização da TT em portadores de BM. MATERIAL E MÉTODO: Estudo retrospectivo de 1.789 pacientes submetidos a tireoidectomias de 06/90 a 12/00. A indicação cirúrgica foi avaliada conforme a apresentação clínica, a extensão da tireoidectomia, a incidência de câncer e as complicações. RESULTADOS: A TT foi realizada em 81,2% de 872 portadores de BM atóxicos, 93,9% de 33 BM tóxicos e 93,9% de 66 bócios recidivados. Houve hipoparatireoidismo transitório ou definitivo, hematoma e lesões transitórias ou definitivas do nervo recorrente em respectivamente 11,5%, 0,5%, 0,4%, 2,7% e 0,2% dos pacientes com BM atóxicos, e 8,3%, 8,3%, zero, 5,0% e 5,0% dos com B recidivados. Complicações definitivas da TT para BM atóxico foram semelhantes à tireoidectomia não total, porém inferiores da TT para B recidivado. Ocorreu aumento da indicação da TT para BM atóxico, com a utilização da veia tireóidea média como referência anatômica, de 53,3% inicialmente para 93,6% atualmente, com elevação do diagnóstico de câncer de 11,1% para 19,8%. CONCLUSÃO: TT é o tratamento de escolha para o BM, quando acomete extensamente a glândula, isto é, posteriormente às veias tireóideas médias; com baixo índice de complicações definitivas.

INTRODUCTION: Preservation of thyroid tissue in surgeries for multinodular goiter (MG) does not avoid hormonal replacement and may have nodular recurrence. Reoperations have a complication rate 20 times higher. We propose total thyroidectomy (TT) for MG as a definitive treatment. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate and justify the TT in patients with MG. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Retrospective study of 1,789 patients who underwent thyroidectomies, from 06/90 to 12/00. Indication, extension of thyroidectomy, cancer incidence and complications were analyzed. RESULTS: TT was performed in 81.2% of 872 patients with nontoxic and 93.9% of 33 with toxic MG and 93.9% of 66 with recurrent goiter. Transient and permanent hypoparathyroidism, hematoma, transient and permanent recurrent laryngeal nerve injury occurred in 11.5%, 0.5%, 0.4%, 2.7% and 0.2% of the patients with nontoxic MG and 8.3%, 8.3%, zero, 5.0% and 5.0% of those with recurrent goiter. Permanent complication of TT for non-toxic MG was similar to non-total thyroidectomy. Utilization of TT for non-toxic MG increased from 53.3% to 93.6% at present, with a concomitant increase of cancer diagnosis from 11.1% to 19.8%. CONCLUSION: TT is the treatment of choice for MG, when there is bilateral gland involvement posterior to middle thyroid veins, because it decreases the likelihood of future reoperations and associated risks due to recurrent disease, when performed safely.